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Years of war, rise in terrorism led to the current Israel-Hamas conflict, experts say_我的网站

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A | The origin of the bloody conflict happening in Gaza and Israel is complicated given the long, disputed history of the region, according to experts who have spent decades studying the region.As the attacks continue in both countries, the experts fear that any attempts at truly achieving peace between the Palestinians and Israelis may have been pushed back heavily.Susannah Heschel, the chair of the Jewish Studies Program at Dartmouth University, who has written several books about this region, told ABC News that the conflicts run deep and as far back as the Middle Ages, but specifically, the most modern clashes have stemmed from the fallout of the 1967 Arab-Israeli war.

On ABC News Live at 8:30 pm on Thursday, Oct. 12, ABC News' James Longman, Matt Gutman and Ian Pannell look at the horrendous toll from Hamas' massacre, the Israelis and Palestinians caught in the middle and what comes next.

The war, known in Israel as the Six-Day War, ended with Israel gaining control of several territories, including the Gaza Strip, and that has led to the violence and political fallout that has befallen the area currently, Heschel, the school's Eli M. Black Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies, said."What we are seeing today is the consequence of that war, or how the various parties to that war …responded to the end," she told ABC News.Following its battles with Egypt, Lebanon, Syria and Jordan, Israel touted its swift victory and new territory, which included lands with long historical significance to Israeli Jews, Heschel, who is teaching a course on the war this semester, said.At the same time, Israel had to deal with an influx of Arabs who now lived under its control, and the retaliation from the neighboring countries who still disputed Israel's claims over the land, she said."The question is, was that victory in fact in some way not a victory? Because the consequence of it was an enormous headache for Israel," Heschel said.Israel has been the target of several military excursions by the nations in that war, particularly Egypt, to try and regain some of that land including during the 1973 Arab-Israeli War, known in Israel as the Yom Kippur War. Egypt would eventually regain the Sinai Peninsula in 1982, following an agreement it signed with Israel three years prior.Gaza, however, remained under Israeli control and tensions continued to flare between Palestinians and Israelis who had begun constructing settlements in the region.The tensions came to a turning point in 1987 during the First Intifada, or "uprising," when Palestinians started to violently rebel against Israeli forces and civilians. It was during this time that Hamas emerged and began to stage violent strikes against Israeli forces.Chuck Freilich, a former deputy national security adviser in Israel and long-time senior fellow at Harvard's Kennedy School, told ABC News that Hamas' stance is simply to "wipe Israel off the map," and it has suppressed anyone within the Palestinian community who doesn't adhere to that."It's not a question of recognition," he said.By the time the Intifada ended in the early 90s, over 1,000 people had been killed, and Gaza was left in ruin from the fighting.Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization would eventually agree to the Oslo Accords in 1993 which granted Palestinians the right to self-government.Heschel said the treaty was a good start but leaders on both sides could have done more to decrease the tensions and violence.Freilich said that the Palestinian Authority, which governed Gaza and continues to govern the West Bank, did try to crack down on terrorism alongside the Israeli government, but it was not always successful and groups like Hamas continued to incite and inflict violence on Israel.In 2000, a Second Intifada began, and hundreds more were hurt and killed in the violent protests. Five years later, the Israeli government voted to withdraw from Gaza and then-Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon expelled 9,480 Jewish settlers from 21 settlements from the region."That withdrawal of the Jewish settlements left some Israeli Jews with the resentment that inflames them to this day," Heschel said.A 2006 election where Hamas became Gaza's leading party has led to increased violence, and a decline in economic resources for its people, as Israel and other nations cut off support. Israel and Egypt imposed a blockade on the coastal strip, which continues to this day."It's unfortunate that Hamas came into power. It's not supported by the majority of the people," Heschel said.Hamas, which contends it is resisting Israel’s oppression of Palestinians, continued to attack Israel in the subsequent years with rockets, kidnappings and other violence leading to major military action by Israel in 2008, 2012, and 2014."It's part of a long-term campaign to repeatedly weaken Israel with conflict after conflict," Freilich said.Freilich added that the recent turmoil within the Israeli government, from its multiple elections in the last six years to the recent turmoil over the changes to its judicial changes, have left Israeli leaders fractured."Their attention was diverted…and we saw the results on Saturday," he said.Last week's attack by Hamas that has killed over 900 Israeli citizens and wounded over 2,300 was unprecedented and puts the region in "uncharted territory," Heschel said.This is the first time in 50 years that civilians were attacked on Israeli soil and it will only lead to more devastation and destruction for both sides, according to the professor."What Hamas did was not to the benefit of the people of Gaza," Heschel said. "Everyone knows, anybody knows and Hamas certainly knew, that in attacking Israel and inflicting so much destruction and murder on Israeli civilians that there would be retaliation."Heschel and Freilich said that it is impossible to determine the long-term ramifications of Hamas' attack and Israel's retaliation, but said that both sides will be living in fear as the violence escalates."To even think that Israel would think at this point that Israel would include a peace process with [Hamas] is totally unrealistic," Freilich said.Even though emotions are high and there is still violence likely to continue for the foreseeable future, Heschel, insisted that Israeli and Palestinian leaders needed to push back against Hamas and its influence and really take time to work out the decades-festering issue over the land."Let's…try to think in clear terms about what we can do for the future so that things can get better," she said. "What's the strategy? Not the strategy for the moment but the strategy for 10, 20, 30 years from now. How can we get there?"。

随着朱婷和意大利女排甲级联赛劲旅斯坎迪奇俱乐部官方宣布签约，意大利女排联赛也吸引众多排球迷眼光。

B | 近日意大利公布了2022-23赛季日程。意甲女排联赛将于10月22日揭幕，5月14日结束。正在欧洲进行康复的中国选手朱婷，能否及时痊愈加入球队，引发广泛关注。朱婷队长努力康复在过去的东京奥运周期，中国女排队长朱婷为了不影响备战，一直对受伤的手腕进行保守治疗。参加完东京奥运会后，朱婷下定决心接受手术治疗。

C | 自东京奥运会后，朱婷进行了长达9个月的休养。4月份，朱婷透露自己进行了手腕手术。4月6日，朱婷在社交媒体发文，宣布自己正在进行术后康复治疗。她当时的配文提到：“手术-石膏板-大护具-小护具。

D | 专注康复，感受进步。”

此后，朱婷选择留在海外接受治疗和康复训练。在西班牙巴塞罗那期间，朱婷有了难得的放松机会。

E | 4月中旬朱婷更新个人社交动态透露，她去了ATP西班牙巴塞罗那网球赛，为网球选手现场加油，感受着当球迷的幸福。

F | 照片中的朱婷，右手戴着弹力护腕，面带笑容，整个人的精神状态非常好。

G | 此后，从来没有展示过跑步天赋的朱婷，还参加了当地的马拉松赛，并完成了人生的首个十公里跑。朱婷身穿一件绿色T恤，大汗淋漓，非常兴奋，“这里有推着孩子的，还有牵着狗的，太好玩了！一小时零三分钟跑完，我觉得很爽。

H | 主要是人特别多，跑的时候两侧人就唰唰冲。等到全程跑完后，我就感觉腿有点沉，但还是感觉挺不错的。”虽然近期朱婷没有再更新自己的康复进程，相信宽松的外部环境能帮助中国女排队长早日完成康复，满血复活。

I | 意大利俱乐部诚意满满尽管朱婷近期尚未展示她手腕的康复进展，意大利俱乐部对有伤在身，长期负重前行的朱婷，仍给予最真诚的信任。据意大利媒体报道，俱乐部并不会给朱婷压上重担。

J | 除了要保护刚刚伤愈的朱婷，俱乐部更期待朱婷可以在联赛末期帮助球队冲击联赛冠军，甚至欧冠席位。为了表达诚意，斯坎迪奇俱乐部开出了意甲本土排球联赛有史以来的最高年薪。意大利媒体 ilfoglio 发表文章称，朱婷是当前世界排坛最瞩目的明星，她的地位相当于姆巴佩。

K | “因为手腕伤势，朱婷的表现会打折扣，现在并不是她的巅峰时刻，但毫无疑问，她在排坛的身价就像是足坛的姆巴佩。” 此外意大利媒体 ilfoglio 还贴心告知，离俱乐部所在地大约 20 公里的普拉托，是欧洲第三大华人社区，在那里她会找到一些朋友和她心爱的东方美食。融入球队还需时日近期意大利公布了联赛的具体日程。外界存有疑问，认为朱婷赶不上10月开赛的联赛。甚至有意大利媒体断言，朱婷无法回到中国女排，将缺席9月举行的世界女排锦标赛。作为还在康复阶段的朱婷，她确实需要更多时间，重新找回赛场感觉。此前斯坎迪奇俱乐部宣布以一百万欧元年薪签约朱婷时，就曾经表示，会等待朱婷手腕痊愈后，再以健康的状态加入球队进行比赛。由于朱婷作为主攻需要与全队进行磨合才能加入队伍的作战体系，斯坎迪奇俱乐部和朱婷都需要时间来让彼此走上巅峰。近几个赛季，斯坎迪奇俱乐部表现平平，在联赛中被科内利亚诺和诺瓦拉压制，还错过了一次欧冠机会。相信俱乐部会给予朱婷足够的恢复时间，在磨合完备的情况下，让朱婷在联赛后期带领球队冲击巅峰。

L | 好在此前朱婷在加盟土耳其联赛劲旅瓦基弗银行期间，帮助球队取得过巨大成功。朱婷曾在2016年至2019年期间效力于土耳其瓦基弗银行俱乐部，为球队赢得8项冠军，成为名副其实的“MVP收割机”。此次加盟斯坎迪奇俱乐部，是朱婷职业生涯第二次留洋。再战海外，朱婷只需放平心态，让自己和球队的状态得到共同提升。