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中国气象局解析“台风扎堆出现”_我的网站

A |     PHOENIX -- The toll of heat-associated deaths in Arizona's most populous county — still being tallied after the area's hottest summer ever recorded — has soared over 360, alarming public health officials who say the final count will surely set a new record.Maricopa County, the hottest metropolitan area in the U.S. and home to Phoenix, reported this week that 361 heat-associated deaths have been confirmed this year as of Oct. 7. Another 238 deaths remained under investigation. As of the same time last year, 331 heat-associated deaths had been confirmed, with another 126 deaths still being studied. No other major metropolitan area in the U.S. has reported such high figures or spends so much time tracking and studying them.“It definitely looks like we'll see more deaths than last year and maybe even more than 500,” said Dr. Rebecca Sunenshine, medical director for Maricopa County Public Health. "But we won't really know until the end of the season.”Maricopa County set an annual record last year with 425 heat-associated deaths confirmed. This summer, Phoenix experienced the hottest three months since record-keeping began in 1895, including the hottest July and the second-hottest August. The daily average temperature of 97 F (36.1 C) in June, July and August passed the previous record of 96.7 F (35.9 C) set three years ago.Phoenix also set a record in July with a 31-day streak of highs at or above 110 F (43.3 C).Sunenshine said Maricopa County began tracking heat-associated deaths in 2005, then gradually began collecting additional information, including the age, sex, race and ethnicity of those who died and whether they were indoors or outside when they got sick. Investigators also began noting whether those who died inside had an air conditioner, whether it was working and whether there was electricity to power it. Sunenshine said collecting that kind of information has led to rules requiring regulated power companies to keep the electricity running during hot spells even if the bills haven't been paid. “It's really important to know the circumstances around these deaths,” Sunenshine said. “It can lead to policy changes.”The number of people dying from heat-related causes has risen not only in the Phoenix area, but across the U.S. and around the world as climate change makes heat waves more frequent, intense and enduring.Counting such deaths can take months of investigation, including toxicological tests, to determine whether heat was a contributing factor in someone’s death. The deaths Maricopa County tallies include ones that were the direct result of high temperatures, such as heatstroke, as well as ones in which heat was a contributing factor, such as a heart attack provoked by the hot weather.Approximately three-fourths of the heat-associated deaths in Maricopa County so far this year year were outside. About 44% of those who died were people experiencing homelessness in a county where an estimated 10,000 don’t have permanent housing. More than a third of all the people who died were 65 or older.There have been 89 indoor heat deaths in the county confirmed so far, mostly in homes where the air conditioning was not working or turned off.。    中新社北京8月26日电 (记者 陈溯)近日，台风“沙德尔”“紫檀”“简拉维”“艾莎尼”接连生成，西北太平洋和南海一度出现“四台风共舞”局面。

B | 中国气象局26日对近期台风“扎堆”出现的形势进行解读。         　　台风的生成，需要温暖海水、充足水汽和适宜的大气环流等多种条件配合。

C | 8月本就是台风活动的高峰期，海水经过整个夏季的持续加热，能够为热带气旋提供更多能量。         　　当前正处于厄尔尼诺发展背景下，西北太平洋海温较常年偏高，西南季风也较为活跃。这些因素共同为台风生成和发展提供了有利条件。

D | 季风从热带海洋源源不断地输送暖湿空气，并形成一条范围较大的季风槽。可以把它想象成一条狭长的“台风孵化带”，其中可能同时出现多个旋转的小涡旋，条件合适的涡旋逐渐发展壮大，于是便出现了多个台风接连生成的情况。         　　多个台风同时出现，是否会相互影响？中国气象局解释，当两个热带气旋距离较近时，可能围绕共同中心旋转，这种现象通常被称为“双台风效应”或“藤原效应”。如果两者强度接近，可能互相牵引，改变各自的移动方向；如果强弱差距较大，较弱的一个还可能被更强的台风环流卷入、吸收。台风之间的相互影响、相互作用会增加台风路径和强度预报的难度，但并不意味着几个台风一定会合并成一个“超级台风”。                        　　中国气象局提醒，多个台风共舞，真正需要防范的是风雨影响，多轮风雨可能接续影响相近地区，前期降雨尚未结束，后续降雨又接踵而至，从而加大灾害风险。公众需要及时关注当地气象部门滚动更新的预报预警，远离海边、河道、山区沟谷和低洼易涝地带，收到转移通知时迅速撤离。

E | (完) 【编辑:刘欢】。

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Published on:10:04:39