中二病

Communities can't recycle or trash disposable e-cigarettes. So what happens to them?_我的网站

一 |     中新网上海7月20日电(记者 缪璐)在2026世界人工智能大会暨人工智能全球治理高级别会议框架下，一场聚焦企业级AI工程化落地的产业论坛应运而生，其核心命题在于：AI如何从模型能力真正转化为企业生产力？          　　7月20日，由上海市数据局、上海市浦东新区数据局指导，普元信息技术股份有限公司主办的“高质量数据集与AI编程实践创新论坛”作为WAIC分论坛举行，与会嘉宾聚焦应用提速、数据治理和统一连接三大基座能力，共同探寻企业级AI工程化落地新路径。         7月20日，“高质量数据集与AI编程实践创新论坛”作为WAIC分论坛举行。(主办方供图)          　　当前，AI产业正从“模型竞赛”进入“应用落地”阶段。对企业而言，引入大模型只是起点，真正决定落地效果的是数据质量、应用开发效率、系统集成能力、安全可控能力和组织协同能力。    WASHINGTON -- With the growing popularity of disposable e-cigarettes, communities across the U.S. are confronting a new vaping problem: how to safely get rid of millions of small, battery-powered devices that are considered hazardous waste.For years, the debate surrounding vaping largely centered on its risks for high school and middle school students enticed by flavors like gummy bear, lemonade and watermelon.But the recent shift toward e-cigarettes that can’t be refilled has created a new environmental dilemma. The devices, which contain nicotine, lithium and other metals, cannot be reused or recycled. Under federal environmental law, they also aren’t supposed to go in the trash.U.S. teens and adults are buying roughly 12 million disposable vapes per month. With little federal guidance, local officials are finding their own ways to dispose of e-cigarettes collected from schools, colleges, vape shops and other sites.“We are in a really weird regulatory place where there is no legal place to put these and yet we know, every year, tens of millions of disposables are thrown in the trash,” said Yogi Hale Hendlin, a health and environmental researcher at the University of California, San Francisco.In late August, sanitation workers in Monroe County, New York, packed more than 5,500 brightly colored e-cigarettes into 55-gallon steel drums for transport. Their destination? A giant, industrial waste incinerator in northern Arkansas, where they would be melted down.Sending 350 pounds of vapes across the country to be burned into ash may not sound environmentally friendly. But local officials say it’s the only way to keep the nicotine-filled devices out of sewers, waterways and landfills, where their lithium batteries can catch fire.“These are very insidious devices,” said Michael Garland, who directs the county’s environmental services. “They’re a fire risk and they’re certainly an environmental contaminant if not managed properly.”Elsewhere, the disposal process has become both costly and complicated. In New York City, for example, officials are seizing hundreds of thousands of banned vapes from local stores and spending about 85 cents each for disposal.HAZARDOUS WASTEVaping critics say the industry has skirted responsibility for the environmental impact of its products, while federal regulators have failed to force changes that could make vaping components easier to recycle or less wasteful.Among the possible changes: standards requiring that e-cigarettes be reusable or forcing manufacturers to fund collection and recycling programs. New York, California and several other states have so-called extended product responsibility laws for computers and other electronics. But those laws don't cover vaping products and there are no comparable federal requirements for any industry.Environmental Protection Agency rules for hazardous waste don’t apply to households, meaning it's legal for someone to throw e-cigarettes in the garbage at home. But most businesses, schools and government facilities are subject to EPA standards in how they handle harmful chemicals like nicotine, which the EPA considers an “acute hazardous waste," because it can be poisonous at high levels.In the U.S., the push to manage disposable e-cigarettes has chiefly come from schools, which can face stricter regulation if they generate more than a few pounds of hazardous waste per month. Monroe County schools pay $60 to dispose of each one-gallon container of vapes. More than two thirds of the e-cigarettes collected by the county come from schools.“Our schools were very relieved because they had confiscated so much of this material,” Garland said. “If you think of all the high schools across the country, they are in a very difficult place right now.”Lithium in e-cigarette batteries is the same highly sought metal used to power electric vehicles and cellphones. But the quantities used in vaping devices are too small to warrant salvage. And nearly all disposable e-cigarette batteries are soldered into the device, making it impractical to separate them for recycling.Disposable e-cigarettes currently account for about 53% of the multi-billion U.S. vaping market, according to U.S. government figures, more than doubling since 2020.Their rise is a study in unintended consequences.In early 2020, the Food and Drug Administration banned nearly all flavors from reusable e-cigarettes like Juul, the cartridge-based device blamed for sparking a nationwide surge in underage vaping. But the policy didn't apply to disposables, opening the door to thousands of new varieties of fruit and candy-flavored vapes, almost all manufactured in China.In recent months the FDA has begun trying to block imports of several leading disposable brands, including Elf Bar and Esco Bar. Regulators consider them all illegal, but they have been unable to stop their entry to the U.S. and the devices are now ubiquitous in convenience stores, gas stations and other shops. FDA’s tobacco chief, Brian King, said in a statement that his agency “will continue to carefully consider the potential environmental impacts” of vaping products.THE COST OF CONFISCATING DISPOSABLE E-CIGARETTESIn 2020, New York City outlawed the vast majority of e-cigarette types, banning flavors that can appeal to youngsters.City employees conduct thousands of inspections annually, and last year issued more than 2,400 citations to corner stores and bodegas selling illegal flavored products. Adding to the challenge are THC vapes sold at hundreds of unlicensed marijuana shops, a separate but related problem that has mushroomed since New York's legalization of recreational pot.Since last November, officials have seized more than 449,000 vape units, according to city figures. New York City is spending about $1,400 to destroy each container of 1,200 confiscated vapes, but many more remain in city storage lockers. “I don’t think anyone ever considered the volume of these in our community,” said New York Sheriff Anthony Miranda, who leads a task force on the issue. “There’s a tremendous amount of resources going into this effort.” A recent lawsuit against four large vaping distributors aims to recoup some of the city's costs. For now, New Yorkers who vape can bring their used e-cigarettes to city-sponsored waste-collection events.Ultimately those vapes meet a familiar fate: They are shipped to Gum Springs, Arkansas, to be incinerated by Veolia, an international waste management firm. The company has incinerated more than 1.6 million pounds of vaping waste in recent years, mostly unsold inventory or discontinued products.Veolia executives say burning e-cigarettes' lithium batteries can damage their incinerators.“Ideally we don’t want to incinerate them because it has to be done very, very slowly. But if have to, we will,” said Bob Cappadona, who leads the company’s environmental services division.Veolia also handles e-cigarettes from Boulder County, Colorado, one of the only U.S. jurisdictions that actively tries to recycle e-cigarette batteries and components.Historically, Boulder has had one of the highest teen vaping rates in the country, peaking at nearly 33% in 2017. “It was like someone flicked the switch. Suddenly e-cigarettes were everywhere,” said Daniel Ryan, principal of Centaurus High School. Beginning in 2019, county officials began distributing bins to schools for confiscated or discarded e-cigarettes. Last year, they collected 3,500. County staffers sort the devices by type, separating those with removable batteries for recycling. Disposables are packed and shipped to Veolia's incinerator. Shelly Fuller, who directs the program, says managing vape waste has gotten more costly and labor intensive with the shift to disposables.“I kind of miss the days when we had Juuls and I could take each battery out and recycle them very easily,” Fuller said. “No one has time to dismantle a thousand Esco Bars.”___AP video journalist Joseph Frederick contributed to this story from New York___Follow Matthew Perrone on Twitter: @AP_FDAwriter___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Science and Educational Media Group. The AP is solely responsible for all content.。         　　该分论坛层层递进，涵盖“远见蓝图：破局企业AI落地难题的未来路径、夯实地基：算力融合与高质量数据资产构建、效能跃迁：重塑企业级应用与业务流、生态闭环：共建高质量数据联盟”四大板块。         　　上海市数据局总工程师刘迎风表示，高质量数据集建设已从行业共识上升为国家战略行动，正在催生从“数据工程”向“知识工程”的范式转换。         　　刘迎风指出，如果说上一阶段更多在做“有没有”的基础工作，现在就要回答“好不好用、能不能创造价值”的问题。         　　围绕这个思路，刘迎风建议可以从五个维度发力：建平台，聚焦企业自身高质量数据资源的基础平台能力建设；治数据，将行业的领域知识与数据治理相结合，建设“通识—行业通识—行业专识”三级数据集体系；育生态，通过培育数据领域综合服务商和垂域高水平标注企业，构建分工协作、优势互补的产业格局；促共振，打造数据飞轮，形成“场景牵引数据、数据驱动模型、模型赋能应用、应用创造价值”的良性循环；保安全，依托区块链、隐私保护计算、可信数据空间等技术基础设施，保障数据集在流通过程中的安全可控。

二 |          　　第三十届欧洲人工智能大会主席乌利塞斯·科尔特斯指出，人工智能的幻觉难以规避，企业必须在数据质量和工程化校验上建立防线。AI从“辅助生成”走向“自主执行”将放大安全漏洞与责任归属风险。他强调，无论欧洲还是中国，AI发展正从追求模型参数的“算力游戏”，转向衡量能否真正转化为生产力的“基础设施竞争”，必须先夯实基于本体数据治理与业务逻辑的数字基座。         　　普元信息董事长刘亚东表示，很多企业以为AI落地就是购买模型、接入接口，但真实业务中常常遇到应用排期长、数据质量差、接口治理乱、智能体接入不可控等问题。这意味着企业需要把AI能力建设在更坚实的数字基座上。他还强调应用提速、数据治理、系统打通，这三件事，是企业AI时代必须先打牢的基座。         　　中国信息通信研究院人工智能研究所平台部副主任李荪指出，2026年是“人工智能+”核心攻坚年，尽管78%的数据供给企业已转向行业高质量数据集，但“数—模—用”发展脱节、孤立割裂的问题依然严峻。面对这一鸿沟，她提出产业亟需走向“模数共振”——打破数据与模型的传统壁垒，构建“高质量数据、高效能模型、高价值应用”的正向循环。         7月20日，“高质量数据集与AI编程实践创新论坛”作为WAIC分论坛举行。图为全球AI生态赋能计划暨AI编程和高质量数据集底座联合发布。(主办方供图)          　　论坛上，全球AI生态赋能计划暨AI编程和高质量数据集底座联合发布。普元信息携手中国信通院、以及张江AI创新小镇等产学研政各界代表共同发布“AI编程高质量数据集底座”，直击大模型落地过程中“缺高质量数据、少原生底座”的痛点。         　　未来，该赋能计划将立足张江创新高地，辐射全球技术生态，通过聚合顶尖智库的规范指引、前沿的数据资产沉淀以及坚实的企业级AI基座能力，全面赋能企业跨越AI落地的“深水区”，为千行百业的数智化跃迁提供源源不断的新质生产力。

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